Dot Net Interview Question

Monday 29 February 2016

asp.net first web application

In this tutorial we will learn how to create, build and run your first asp.net web app using C# and the ASP.NET.

Creating a New Project

Select File->New Project within the Visual Studio 2013. This will open the New Project dialog screen. Click on the “Visual C#” node in the tree-view on the left hand side of the dialog box and choose the "ASP.NET Web Application" icon:

Choose location where you want this project to be created on system Then give the name of this project and click ok.

Visual Studio will then create and open a new web project within the solution explorer. By default it will create a single page (Default.aspx), an AssemblyInfo.cs file in properties , as well as a web.config file.

Visual stdio 2005 screen-

Visual stdio -2013

In VS-2005 this default.aspx will be empty page but in VS-2013 there will be created page means some text are there by default created by the Microsoft.

So for understanding purpose we will add a new item in this project name will be “FirstWebPage.aspx”.

So for that right click on your application and click on add new item and select a empty web Form give the for this and click Add.

After click on Add new item following screen will open

After click on Add button this “FirstWebPage.aspx” webform will add to the project.

Now click on “FirstWebPage.aspx” webform it will open as HTML format(Source file) we can see it below of that page. We can go in design mode from there.

We can made changes in screen from Source mode and design mode.

Here we are drag and drop a calendar and a label from toolbox .we can change view of calendar using calendar properties.

Html Code will be

<body>

<div>

Hello your first asp.net Application<br />

<br />

<asp:Calendar ID="Calendar1" runat="server" BackColor="White" BorderColor="Black" BorderStyle="Solid" CellSpacing="1" Font-Names="Verdana" Font-Size="9pt" ForeColor="Black" Height="250px" NextPrevFormat="ShortMonth" Width="330px">

</asp:Calendar>

<br />

<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Height="27px" Text="Label" Width="200px"></asp:Label>

</div>

</form>

</body>

When you will run this application you will see this page on browser ,but before this we have to set “Startup project “ for that right click on “FirstWebPage.aspx” and set it as startup project and run this application or you can see this page using open this browser With.

Thursday 25 February 2016

What is asp.net

Asp.net is a web application which is developed by the Microsoft to build the dynamic data driven Web application and Web services.

1. Asp.Net is abbreviated as “Active Server Pages”.

2. Asp.net is the subset of Dot net framework. A framework is a collection of classes.

3. Asp.Net is introduced in 2002 with the 2.0 Dot net framework.

4. Before this technology we was using “Classic Asp” to build web application.

What is Web Application?

A web application is a application which is assessable by the user using the browser.

Example of the web browsers are

1. Internet Explorer

2. Google Chrome

3. Mozilla FireFox

4. Apple Safari

5. Netscape Navigator

Advantages of the web application :>

1. Web application just need to installed on the web server, but for the windows application we have to installed this on every system.

2. Maintains and other things are easier to provide.

3. Only a browser is required for accessing a web application on the client machine.

4. Cross platform.

5. Internet is required for accessing the application.

How Web application work

1. A web application work on the Client/Server architecture .

2. Only a browser needed which can understand HTML for accessing a web application.

3. On the server side , the web application run under the “Internet Information Server(IIS)”.

When a client enter URL or user send a request through the browser then this information is received by the web server , after that this request is proceed by the application. The application converts it to HTML and passes it to IIS Server. The IIS Server send this HTML to the client in user interface format.

This all communication is done on the internet using the HTTP. HTTP is the Hyper Text Transfer protocol.

This HTTP protocols stand how to two or more items communicate.

Wednesday 17 February 2016

Generic and Non Generic Collections in C#

What is Collections?

Collections are nothing but a grouping of items in to a single unit. Before we starting to office, we are looking at our collection that is “Bag”. Bag is collection of items like laptop (if company provided), Lunch box, Pen, ID card, Zandu balm, Vicks inhaler.

Now the question rises in our mind is Generic and Non Generic collections

The collection of different items in to single unit is called Non Generic collections. So we conclude that our Bag is a good example of Non Generic collection, Since it contain different items as we mentioned above.

The collection of similar items in to a single unit is called Generic

Collections. So we conclude that Footwear rack is the example for Generic collections, since it contains only chapples, shoes and slippers, I hope no one can put lunch box in to Footwear rack.

Now we think in programming view, here generic collections are nothing but the collections of same types (like int,double,long). The generic collections are specific to the type of data we are going to store in it. If we have to clear about type of data, then generic collections is the preferable choice.

C# is loaded with different type of collections, but here I taking a single collection for explaining, that is Stack, the following program shows how our Generic Stack is going to hold the similar type of data.

namespace GenericAndNonGeneric

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

Stack<int> GenericCollection = new Stack<int>();

GenericCollection.Push(1);

GenericCollection.Push(2);

GenericCollection.Push(3);

GenericCollection.Push(4);

GenericCollection.Push(5);

Console.WriteLine("The Contents of the Generic Collection are:");

foreach(int i in GenericCollection)

{

Console.WriteLine(i);

}

Console.ReadLine();

}

In above code, our collection “GenericCollection” is storing only integer values, if you tries to store something else apart form int type, it result in compilation error.

The generic collections are available in namespace called System.Collections.Generic,need to specify data type in < >.

Example for Generic Collections

Array, Dictionary, List

Non generic collections are the collections of the different types, like storing different type data as a single unit, in the below program we see Stack collection as a non generic collection.

namespace GenericAndNonGeneric

{

class Program

{

static void Main(string[] args)

{

Stack NonGenericCollection = new Stack();

NonGenericCollection.Push(1);

NonGenericCollection.Push("C# coding");

object o = "123Vivek";

NonGenericCollection.Push(o);

NonGenericCollection.Push("#@@@@*&&&");

NonGenericCollection.Push(55.67);

Console.WriteLine("The Contents of the Non Generic Collection are:");

foreach(object obj in NonGenericCollection)

{

Console.WriteLine(obj);

}

Console.ReadLine();

}

In the above code we are putting different type of data(int,string,object,double) in to a “NonGenericCollection”

The Non Generic collections are available in namespace called System.Collections

Example for Non Generic Collections

ArrayList, Hash Table.

Now we have to look at line of code “foreach(object obj in NonGenericCollection)” in above example, in this line we are converting all our entered data into a Object type, since we need a common holding point to hold different type of data, so we using object type.

Performance Issue:

Generic collections are faster than Non Generic collections, since type casting (Boxing) is happens in case of non generic collections.

Conclusion:

Based on the requirement we have to decide the usage of collections either Generic or Non Generic.

Some of the collections like Stack and Queue are used as both Generic and Non Generic collections.

Guys please put comments, it will help me to improve.

Monday 8 February 2016

What are the different types of results in MVC

Action Result Return type

In the following list we can see the action result type

1. ViewResult : This basically render a specific View for the response stream. The View result basically is a class which is inherited by the abstract class of the “ ViewResultBase”, and it is used to render a view. This “ViewResultBase” class contains the methods for finding the specific view for rendering and also for execution the results. It also contain the properties for indentifying the view to rendering for the application.

public ViewResult Index()
{
return View("ViewResult"); // here It is returning a View
}

2. PartialViewResult :- This class also inherited from the abstract base class “ ViewResultBase” class and it is used to rendering a partial view. This class contains the methods from finding the partial view for rendering and also for the execution of the result. This also contains the properties of identify the partial view to rendering the application. This is not like action result. Basically Partial views are not like the primary thing for display the user which is the view.

public PartialViewResult Index()
{
return PartialView("PartialViewData");
}

3. RedirectResult: - It is used to perform the HTTP redirect to a given URL from user side. This class is inherited from the Action result abstract class.

public ActionResult Index()
{
return Redirect("http://www.google.com/");
} public RedirectResult Index1()
{
return Redirect("http://www.google.com/");
}

4. RedirectToRouteResult :- This is used to redirect using specified route data dictionary. This class is inherited from the ActionResult class.

public ActionResult Index(int? Id)
{
return new RedirectToRouteResult(new System.Web.Routing.RouteValueDictionary(new { controller = "Home", action = "List", Id = new int?() }));
}

5. ContentResult : - this is used to return an action plain text this is also inherited from actionResult abstract class.

public ActionResult Index()
{
return Content("Hello");
} public ContentResult ContentResultIndex()
{
return Content("Hello");
}

6. JsonResult : - Action method on controllers basically return the JsonResult means (JavaScript Object Notation result) which can be used in AJAX application. This class inherited from the ActionResult abstract class. Here Json is provided one argument which must be serializable.

public JsonResult Index()
{
return Json("Hello My Friend!");
}

ActionResult	Helper Method	Description
ViewResult	View	Renders a view as a web page
PartialViewResult	PartialView	Section of a view,that can be rendered inside another view
RedirectResult	Redirect	Redirect to another action method
RedirectToRouteResult	RedirectToRoute	Redirect to another action method
ContentResult	Content	Returns a user-defined content type
JsonResult	Json	Retuns a serialized JSON object
JavaScriptResult	JavaScript	Returns a script that can be executed on the client
FileResult	File	Returns a binary output to write to the response
EmptyResult	(None)	returns a null result

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